CIBJO GUIDE FOR CLASSIFYING NATURAL PEARLS AND CULTURED PEARLS.
🎗 แนวทางของสมาพันธ์เครื่องประดับโลก หรือ CIBJO ในการจำแนกมุกนำเสนอหลักเกณฑ์ สำคัญที่ใช้อธิบายและประเมินลักษณะทางกายภาพและคุณสมบัติจริงของมุกธรรมชาติในกลุ่ม Akoya complex และมุกเลี้ยงจากหอยมุกในสปีชีส์ P. maxima นอกจากนี้ ยังให้ข้อมูลทั่วไปเกี่ยวกับมุก ธรรมชาติและมุกเลี้ยงสายพันธุ์อื่นๆ ด้วย
🎗 The CIBJO pearl classification guide highlights the important parameters by which the appearance of natural pearls from the Akoya complex and cultured pearls from P. maxima can be described and assessed in terms of physical dimensions and actual quality. Further it provides general information on many other varieties of natural and cultured pearls.
Natural pearl formations secreted, without human intervention, in the interior of molluscs and within a naturally formed pearl sac. They are composed of a complex scleroprotein named conchiolin and of calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite and or calcite arranged in concentric layers. Natural pearls may be nacreous or non-nacreous.
Cultured pearls are formed in the interior of living molluscs within a cultured pearl sac with human intervention and a variety of conditions depending upon the mollusc and the goals. Cultured pearls may be nacreous or non-nacreous.
Produced within many and various species of wild-caught or hatchery produced saltwater or freshwater molluscs in a pearl farm environment as the result of the creation of a cultured pearl sac, developed from the tissue of a donor mollusc, within which the cultured pearls are formed. Cultured pearls being instigated by man can be beaded (where a bead is used as the substrate for nacre growth) or non-beaded.
“Oriental Pearl” is the name traditionally used for saltwater natural pearls from the Orient (broadly including Asia and the Far-East). These pearls were considered the most beautiful of all pearls, and had the most desirable shapes and sizes. They had a unique appearance which combined a deep lustre and subtle colours that were visible through their translucent “skins” – this feature being described as a pearl’s “Orient”.
Imitations of pearl are products that only simulate the appearance of natural or cultured pearls. They are not produced within the body of molluscs but are manufactured products made in factories.