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Icelandic study suggests SARS-CoV-2 Omicron reinfection more common than previously thought
By Pooja Toshniwal Paharia Aug 9 2022 by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc.
In a recent study published in JAMA Network Open, researchers estimate the proportion of Icelandic residents reinfected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant of concern (VOC).
Study: Rate of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection During an Omicron Wave in Iceland. Image Credit: angellodeco / Shutterstock.com
Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was announced as a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron VOC, which is currently the dominant circulating strain throughout the world, has higher immune-evasive characteristics as compared to previous VOCs, thus increasing the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection.
The relative immune protection induced by previous SARS-CoV-2 infection against reinfection with the Omicron VOC has been reported to be 56% as compared to 92% for reinfections with the Delta VOC. However, the risk of reinfection with the Omicron VOC at a population level needs further investigation.
About the study
In the current population-based cohort study, researchers estimate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection with the Omicron VOC in Iceland.
Individuals with a prior history of SARS-CoV-2 infection were assessed for the development of reinfection during the period of Omicron dominance in Iceland. To this end, the current study was conducted between December 1, 2021, which was the date of the first reported Omicron case among Icelandic residents, and February 13, 2022, which is when the study ended.
The researchers obtained data on the status of COVID-19 vaccinations and previous SARS-CoV-2-positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis reports for their analysis.
An individual was considered to be reinfected with SARS-CoV-2 if he/she had tested positive for COVID-19 by RT-PCR more than 60 days from the initial SARS-CoV-2-positive RT-PCR result. Logistic regression models were used for estimating the proportion of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections based on the days elapsed from the previous SARS-CoV-2-positive RT-PCR reports, participants’ age, and the status of COVID-19 vaccinations, and the calculated odds ratios (OR). NEWS-MEDICAL.NET
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